Book Review....

A MUST READ......

Something alittle bit different tonight - Im doing a Book Review!

"The Pandora Prescription" by James Sheridan.

For all those intrepid seekers of truth, this is another one to add to your reading list.

If you liked The Da Vinci Code et al, then this is another eye-opener that will make little warning bells go off in your heads!

Let me start by telling you why I was intrigued with this book, and why I believe it has alot of fact  in amongst the fiction...

Years ago in New Zealand, I remember my parents discussing a Doctor of Medicine who was run out of NZ for claiming he could cure Cancer with his unique treatment of administering Laetrile.   Now, Laetrile is a substance found in Apricot kernels, and also in much smaller concentrations in nuts and berries in general.   This Doctor (and Im sorry but I cant remember his name) was forced to leave NZ  by the Medical Association, labelled a "quack" and rip-off artist, and was threatened with incarceration and having his licence revoked if he continued to make his claims.

Hundreds of patients claimed he had cured them,  after the medical establishment had basically wiped their hands of them stating they were incurable.  Last I heard of the good Doctor, he had set up a clinic on a Pacific Island and was still having great success with the cure rates of patients that still flocked to him.  So, now I have given you the background, lets on with the story.....

A US Secret Service agent tapes a secret meeting between the Bilderberg Group Meeting where the head of the American Medical Association, the head of the American Cancer Society, the head of the Food and Drug Administration, and the head of the National Cancer Institute meet with the Vice President of the USA to discuss ways to prevent the information about Laetrile from going public.

Basically, all these people at the meeting are OWNED in one way or another, by the huge Pharmaceutical Companies (Big Pharma).  Politics and political parties are funded by the Big Pharmas, millions of jobs are provided by these companies, basically our economies are now so entrapped with these companies that without their funding, society as we know it would collapse.

The Big Pharmas admit Laetrile works - scientific studies have shown the results to be conclusive, but no way must this be allowed to come out.  If the average Joe on the street can go down the Health Food Shop and buy some organic apricot seeds, then no profit can be made by these companies.  They know damn well that Chemotherapy kills more patients than it cures (if at all), and that Radiation Therapy is the same, but they dont care because it all comes down to PROFIT AND CONTROLLING THE MARKET!

Enter the Codex Elementarius -  because Laetrile is basically B17 which can be bought over the counter without prescription,  these huge multi-national companies are now trying to control the Vitamin and Supplement industry too with this new legislation.  This is all happening now - google Codex and see what I mean.  These Big Pharmas cant make a profit from natural products, you cant patent herbs and vitamins, so they are trying to stop us being able to buy them, and arresting and fining anyone who makes claims that their supplements and natural products work!

The book is very well written, easy to understand, covers so many different aspects of whats happening behind closed doors by the huge companies that control the media, the government, and the medical establishment!

A must read!

More Info on the Polish Plane Crash

i just unearthed this tidbit and think it's quite pertinent to what happened and why the plane was brought down.....

Was the Polish President killed over landmark gas deal?

Polish Prime Minister Donald Tusk is set to seal a key gas deal with Russia’s Gazprom days after the death of opponents to the contract — including Polish President Lech Kaczynski — in a mysterious plane crash in Smolensk, Russia, reports Polskaweb.

Under the contract worth an estimated 100 billion dollars – the biggest business deal in the history of Poland – Poland is to increase its imports of Russian gas.

The contract to buy gas from Gazprom until 2037 will make Poland 100% dependent on Russian gas for the next 28 years in spite of the announcement of the discovery of huge gas reserves in Poland in April just before the memorial service in Katyn, Smolensk. Poland could have 3 trillion cubic metres of reserves of shale gas, enough to satisfy domestic demand for more than 200 years.

Europe’s gas reserves could jump 47% as a result of Poland’s gas reserves, according to the Russian newspaper Kommersant. Poland currently consumes 14bn cubic metres of gas a year and imports more than 70% of it from Russia.

The development of its own shale gas deposits could have allowed Poland to satisfy all its gas needs, and even export gas, becoming a competitor to Gazprom. Shale gas already accounts for up to 20% of US natural gas production. President Lech Kaczynski and many other opposition party politicians, who were killed in a plane crash in Smolensk, had opposed the Gazprom deal.

I got this from

"JanusFIN; a member of AboveTopSecret.com"

http://www.abovetopsecret.com/forum/thread563839/pg1#pid8630260.

Polands' Plane Crash

As soon as I heard about the plane crash that killed most of the top echelon of the Polish Government and their military, my thoughts immediately turned to WAS THAT PLANE DELIBERATELY BROUGHT DOWN?

Now I know I always reach for the conspiracy theory behind such events - but in this case I think I may be right!

A video has been circulating on the net witnessing what looks like soldiers gunning down passengers as they emerged from the wreck of the plane! Now the latest is the man who took the video was shot, taken to hospital, then 3 armed men entered his hospital room, unhooked his life support machines, stabbed him, then stabbed him 3 times more until he died.

IF this is all true - and I will do more research - then this is one of the most shocking things I have heard for a long time! Some people are saying this is the beginning of WW111.

Information has come out that Poland refused to join the EU - they decided not to accept the EU currency, and Skrzypek, the head of the Polish banking system, put a time of 2020 before maybe joining. Their currency, the "zloty" strengthened first thing on Monday following the crash. The Civic Platform (leader Donald Tusk the Prime Minister) are pushing for the introduction of the Euro as soon as possible.


It also came out that the Polish Health Minister had refused to buy into the Swine Flu pandemic, and declined to purchase the vaccines. Thats a red flag to the Big Pharmas!

Another detail I find suspect is both the new presidential candidate and his fellow candidate Sikorski (whose wife is Jewish), were miraculously NOT on the plane! They will be the new Prime Minster and the President, both belonging to the Civic Platform party!

Below are links to watch the original film of the crash site and shootings,

http://www.newworldorderreport.com/News/tabid/266/ID/3255/Russian-forums-website-The-guy-who-filmed-the-shots-fired-at-the-POLISH-PLANE-CRASH-WAS-ASSASSINATED.aspx

Jane Bergermeisters video:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LoUkobHYAlk

My heart goes out for Poland - they have had a history of bloodshed and have been trying very hard to stop corruption and bring their country forward. Now this. Truly shocking!

Ancient Artefacts and Aliens

Hmmmm, really does make one think....this video talks about the Chinese Roswell, with strange metal discs depicting a "grey" alien, a flying saucer and the sun in the middle with what I take to be an orbit around it. Strange elongated skulls have been found, and tiny alien looking skeletons. The local tribes have legends of how the aliens came - and the tribes-people killed them all!
Then thousands of other ancient artefacts have been found in the Himalayas, all showing alien beings in one form or another.
The last part is about Australian Aboriginal cave paintings - white beings with enlarged heads and huge eyes. The Aborigines also have legends about visiting space beings.
Too many references have been found now, and too many local legends of UFOs and "gods from the skies" are known to doubt there must be some truth in there. I believe so anyway.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=24S19DewAfg&feature=player_embedded

What was Manna?

A couple of months ago, a friend and I were discussing the bible.   She mentioned the Manna that the Jews were given by God to survive as they wandered through the desert.  We went on to discuss the many theories about just what this Manna was....some claimed it was a secretion/sap that oozed out of a native tree, some say it was  hoar frost, others that it was the residue of a comet or asteroid - the theories are many and varied!  None seemed to really fit the bill.

Now I know through my own studies, that every ancient tribe/civilisation had their shamans/medicine men/seers etc that led their people in spiritual/religious/hunting rituals - and that these shaman/medicine men always used a herb or plant or mushroom to attain the higher state of being to "commune" with their god/s  or spirits.   In many cultures, it is the psychedelic mushroom that the shamans imbibed to achieve this "higher state of being".

This link I'm adding is indeed one mans interpretation on the passages in Exodus that cite the Manna, and I have to say I'm very impressed with his reasoning!

See for yourselves......

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8i2vAKmbuvY

London Olympics 2012

REPOST

London Olympics 2012 : The Royal Mint's Prior Knowledge

Posted by Rik Clay on his website at 15:44 Tuesday, 27 May 2008

Whilst in the car on my way to a Matthew Delooze talk in Halifax, I had an urge to inspect the coins in my pocket. You know, those shiny bits of metal (featuring the Queen's head) that we have to carry around with us in order to function in society.

It wasn't 11:11am, but that didn't prevent me from making this small discovery...

Take a look at this 50p piece, issued by the Royal Mint back in 2004:



As I'm sure you can see, the 2 hands conveniently point to what would be a 20 and 12 (2012) on a 12 hour clock, and in the foreground - a runner. Please bear in mind that this coin was issued before London had won the bid for the 2012 Olympics.

The implications? I believe that London had been assured the Olympics in 2012 way before any official confirmation... and given the 'Zion' street plan we could be looking at a plan developed many many years ago.

There are 2 sides to every coin, just like there is a duality to occult symbolism. The official explanation as to what this coin represents goes:

"Lower body of a runner, superimposed on a stopwatch showing 3 minutes 59 seconds. Large 50 and PENCE at bottom, between runner's legs. 50th anniversary of the first sub-four-minute mile, Roger Bannister, 6 May 1954"

Which is true and seems convincing enough, as does any "official" explanation of symbolism used by the governing powers, if you're not prepared to think for yourself.

I believe, as in other cases, what we were witnessing here back in 2004, was subconscious programming for both the Olympics and 2012. As we ritually spent these coins, and partook in the symbology, we were feeding "the machine" with our spiritual acceptance of things to come.

The Noahide Laws

When will the laws be activated?

Note from See My Truth:  I have taken the liberty of shortening and editing the following document from Pamela Schuffert .....

Because of the First Amendment "Establishment Clause" under the Constitution, Congress cannot make any laws forbidding the free exercise of one's religions beliefs, nor any laws respecting one religion.

The NOAHIDE LAWS legislation, signed by Bush Sr when President, (which need to be rescinded and abolished from America forever)  VIOLATE THE ESTABLISHMENT CLAUSE COMPLETELY.


From WIKIPEDIA-

The Establishment Clause of the First Amendment refers to the first of several pronouncements in the First Amendment to the United States Constitution, stating that "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion".

Together with the Free Exercise Clause, "... or prohibiting the free exercise thereof", these two clauses make up what are commonly known as the "religion clauses" of the First Amendment.

The establishment clause has generally been interpreted to prohibit 1) the establishment of a national religion by Congress, or 2) the preference of one religion over another or the support of a religious idea with no identifiable secular purpose.

The first approach is called the "separationist" or "no aid" interpretation, while the second approach is called the "non-preferentialist" or "accommodationist" interpretation.


Because the NOAHIDE LAWS forbid the free exercise of religion (especially Christianity) in America, and respect on religion over another (JUDAISM over all other religions) they clearly violate the First Amendment Establishment Clause.

THEREFORE, as long as the US CONSTITUION remains in force, they CANNOT ACTIVATE THE NOAHIDE LAWS AND ENFORCE THEM IN AMERICA.


However, WHEN the CONSTITUTION IS ABOLISHED through the declaration of NATIONAL EMERGENCY, MARTIAL LAW, THEN you will see the NOAHIDE LAWS activated and the enforcers (which are the military- foreign and domestic) and their guillotines brought out in full force.

THEN the NWO forces and their Jewish supporters will activate the NOAHIDE LAWS, will round up Christians ALREADY ON THE SECRET GOVERNMENT LISTS, and demand that they either RENOUNCE THIER FAITH IN JESUS CHRIST, and conform to their NOAHIDE LAWS, or BE EXECUTED with the guillotines.

It is as simple as that and already spoken of prophetically in Revelation 20:4.

The NOAHIDE LAWS legislation was written by the Orthodox Jewish organization based in Brooklyn, NY. They presented them to George Bush SR (Mr. NWO himself) to sign into leglslation.

Mr. "ILLUMINATI BLOODLINE" Bush knew exactly what he was doing, knew WHO would be primarily targeted, and what would happen to Christians in America as a result.

Theyknow the Christians in the America are the greatest deterrant to their realization of a NEW WORLD ORDER agenda!

These Noahide Laws state that Gentiles/Christians must conform to their 7 NOAHIDE LAWS supposed given by God to Noah for GENTILES after the flood. (This is stated nowhere in the Bible, however.)

The penalty for breaking THREE of these NOAHIDE LAWS is capitol punishment by BEHEADING. Two of those Jewish laws attack Fundamental Christian beliefs directly:

Prohibition against "BLASPEHMY AGAINST GOD" and "IDOLATRY." Judaism teaches that Christian faith in Jesus Christ violates both.

So where is the American/Christian outrage and outcry in this hour?

THIS LEGISLATION HAS ALREADY BEEN PASSED AND THE GUILLOTINES ARE HERE!

Americans should be outraged and in protest across the nation, especially in Washington DC, over the NOAHIDE LAWS and their total violation of everything America has ever stood for regarding religious freedoms!

BUT BECAUSE OF OUR CONSTITUTION AND THE FIRST AMENDMENT ESTABLISHMENT CLAUSE, they CANNOT activate the NOAHIDE LAWS in America YET!

AMERICANS HAVE BUT A SHORT TIME TO PROTEST AND DEMAND THE NOAHIDE LAWS BE RESCINDED AND ABOLISHED NOW!

Otherwise, when MARTIAL LAW IS DECLARED,and the Constitution abolished, THEN you will witness with your own eyes the unveiling and public display of these modern military guillotines, and the US and foreign troops training (in FORT LEWIS, FORT BRAGG, FORT HOOD and elsewhere)to operate them on AMERICAN violaters of these outrageous, discriminatory and strictly Jewish religion-based laws.

THEREFORE, THE JEWS WHO SUPPORT THE NOAHIDE LAWS AND ADVOCATE FORCED CONVERSION OF CHRISTIANS/GENTILES, CANNOT WAIT FOR MARTIAL LAW TO TRANSPIRE.

For then and only then can their NOAHIDE LAWS be fully activated in America.

-Pamela Schuffert

Why Are Modern Guillotines on Military Bases in America?

-Pamela Schuffert

[Ken Adachi's (www.educate-yourself.org/ps) Editor's Note: There is no doubt in my mind that guillotines are being stored on selected military bases in America.

Pam Schuffert had first hand conversations with people who have seen them. I'm equally convinced that crematoriums have been installed on many of the larger FEMA concentration camps, both here on the mainland and in Hawaii.

Pam Schuffert accurately foretold of coming events when she titled her web site "American Holocaust" from its inception in the 1990s. Ronald Reagan, New World Order Bedtime Bonzo that he was, sold us out by signing away our fate to the dictates of Chabad-Lubavitch rabbis with the Talmudic interpretation of the "Noahide Laws" enshrined in Public Law 102-14, signed in 1983 by Bonzo.

This federal statutory "law", which can be invoked at any time, established the legal grounds for EXECUTION by decapitation, anyone who is found guilty of "avoda zara" (idol worship) which according to halachic Judaism authority Maimonides, includes anyone who worships Jesus Christ (source: Michael Hoffman's impressive 2008 tome, Judaism Discovered).

I do not concur with the Christian fundamentalist belief in The End Times, the Rapture, the physical return of Christ, Armageddon, or the Millennium which I have identified as British Israel, however, I have no quarrel with those who do just as long as they aren't aiding and abetting the New World Order, as exemplified by the so-called Christian Zionists of the John Hagee variety.

Our shamefully dumbed-down American public refuses to take these warnings seriously because they cannot imagine that the betrayal is as huge as it actually is and they are so utterly dependent on what they witness locally, meaning that since they don't see the the 12 foot high barb wire fence around FEMA concentration camps in their neighborhoods, they must not exist and this woman is merely making up wild stories! Woe be to you Foolish America when they come for you and your family...Ken Adachi.

From the David Icke Forum

The Seven Noahide Laws (http://www.noahide.com/7laws.htm) are basic talmudic laws that apply to all Gentiles. According to Judaic authorities, the 10 Commandments are meant only for Israelites, while we goyim have to follow the Noahide Laws instead. The Seven Noahide Laws have already been signed into Law in the United States (Read the text of the Government's PUBLIC LAW 102-14 (HJ Res. 104) March 20, 1991 (http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?c102:H.J.RES.104.ENR:):

"Whereas Congress recognizes the historical tradition of ethical values and principles which are the basis of civilized society and upon which our great nation was founded;
Whereas these ethical values and principles have been the bedrock of society from the dawn of civilization, when they are known as the Seven Noahide Laws;
Whereas without these ethical values and principle the edifice of civilization stands in serious peril of returning to chaos;
Whereas society is profoundly concerned with the recent weakening of these principles that have resulted in crises that beleaguer and threaten the fabric of civilized society;
Whereas the justified preoccupation with these crises must not let the citizens of this Nation lose sight of their responsibility to transmit these historical ethical values from our distinguished part to the generations of the future;
Whereas the Lubavitch movement has fostered and promoted these ethical values and principles throughout the world;
Whereas Rabbi Menachem Schneerson, leader of the Lubavitch movement is universally respected and revered and his eighty-ninth birthday falls on March 26, 1991;
Whereas in tribute to this great spiritual leader, “the rebbe,” this, his ninetieth year, will be seen as one of “education and giving,” the year in which we turn to education and charity, to return the world (!!) to the moral and ethical values contained in the Seven Noahide Laws; and
Whereas this will be reflected in an international scroll of honor signed by the President of the United States and other heads of state. Now, therefore, be it resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, that March 26, 1991, the start of the ninetieth year of Rabbi Schneerson, leader of the worldwide Lubavitch movement, is designated as “Education Day, USA ...” The President is requested to issue a proclamation calling upon the people of the U.S. to observe such day with appropriate ceremonies and activities".

This resolution was adopted, ratified and signed into law by George H.W. Bush.

So what is the punishment for breaking a Noahide Law?

"With but few exceptions, the punishment meted out to a Noachid (=non-Jew) for the transgression of any of the seven laws is decapitation" (Jewish Encyclopedia, KTAV Publishing House, Inc., page 648-9.). This is based on Talmud, Sanhedrin 57a.

The first Noahide law forbids IDOLATRY. This means the practice of any Gentile religion whatsoever including Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism, Shamanism etc.

This means the US Government has already ratified Laws forbidding all non-Judaic religions, and the penalty for breaking these laws is decapitation. Separation of Synagogue and State, anyone?

Revelation 20:4 And I saw thrones, and they sat upon them, and judgment was given unto them: and I saw the souls of them that were BEHEADED for the witness of Jesus, and for the word of God, and which had not worshipped the beast, neither his image, neither had received his mark upon their foreheads, or in their hands; and they lived and reigned with Christ a thousand years.

Guillotines in the USA here (http://theway2jesus.users1.50megs.com/Guillotines.html).

What are the Noahide Laws?

The Seven Laws of Noah were recognized by the United States Congress in the preamble to the bill that established Education Day in honor of the 90th birthday of Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, the leader of the Chabad-Lubavitch movement:

Whereas Congress recognizes the historical tradition of ethical values and principles which are the basis of civilized society and upon which our great Nation was founded; Whereas these ethical values and principles have been the bedrock of society from the dawn of civilization, when they were known as the Seven Noahide Laws

The Seven Laws of Noah (Hebrew: שבע מצוות בני נח‎ Sheva mitzvot B'nei Noach), often referred to as the Noahide Laws or Noachide Code, are a set of seven moral imperatives that, according to the Talmud, were given by God to Noah as a binding set of laws for all mankind.^[1] According to Judaism any non-Jew who lives according to these laws is regarded as a Righteous Gentile and is assured of a place in the world to come (Olam Haba), the Jewish concept of heaven. Adherents are often called "B'nei Noach" (Children of Noah) or "Noahides" and may often network in Jewish synagogues.

The seven laws listed by the Tosefta and the Talmud are

1. Prohibition of Idolatry: You shall not have any idols before God.


2. Prohibition of Murder: You shall not murder. (Genesis 9:6)


3. Prohibition of Theft: You shall not steal.


4. Prohibition of Sexual promiscuity: You shall not commit any of a series of sexual prohibitions, which include adultery, incest, bestiality and anal sex between males.


5. Prohibition of Blasphemy: You shall not blaspheme God's name.


6. Dietary Law: Do not eat flesh taken from an animal while it is still alive. (Genesis 9:4, as interpreted in the Talmud (Sanhedrin 59a)


7. Requirement to have just Laws: Set up a governing body of law (eg Courts)

The Noahide Laws comprise the six laws which were given to Adam in the Garden of Eden according to the Talmud's interpretation of Gen 2:16^[4] and a seventh one, which was added after the Flood of Noah. Later at the Revelation at Sinai the Seven Laws of Noah were regiven to humanity and embedded in the 613 Laws given to the Children of Israel along with the Ten Commandments, which are part of, and not separate from, the 613 mitzvot. These laws are mentioned in the Torah. According to Judaism, the 613 mitzvot or "commandments" given in the written Torah, as well as their reasonings in the oral Torah, were only issued to the Jews and are therefore binding only upon them, having inherited the obligation from their ancestors. At the same time, at Mount Sinai, the Children of Israel (i.e. the Children of Jacob, i.e. the Israelites) were given the obligation to teach other nations the embedded Noahide Laws. However, it is actually forbidden by the Talmud for non-Jews (on whom the Noahide Laws are still binding) to elevate their observance to the Torah's mitzvot as the Jews do.^[5][6]

While some Jewish organizations, such as Chabad have worked to promote the acceptance of Noahide laws, there are no figures for how many actually do.

NOAHIDE LAWS PASSED BY CONGRESS-1991 Death by Guillotine

NOAHIDE LAWS PASSED BY CONGRESS:

Here's the Law As it Reads on the Books...

APPENDIX ONE
105 STAT. 44 PUBLIC LAW 102-14-MAR. 20,1991

Public Law 102-14
102d Congress
Joint Resolution

Mar. 20. 1991
[H.J Res 104] To designate March 26. 1991, as "Education Day. U. S. A."

Whereas Congress recognizes the historical tradition of ethical values and principles which are the basis of
civilized society and upon which our, great Nation was founded;

Whereas these ethical values and principles have been the bedrock of society from the dawn of civilization, when they were known as the Seven Noahide Laws;

Whereas without these ethical values and principles the edifice of civilization stands in serious peril of returning to chaos; Whereas society is profoundly concerned with the recent weakening of these principles that has resulted in crises that beleaguer and threaten the fabric of civilized society; Whereas the justified preoccupation with these crises must not let the citizens of this Nation lose sight of their responsibility to transmit these historical ethical values from our distinguished past to the generations of the future;

Whereas the Lubavitch movement has fostered and promoted these ethical values and principles throughout the world; Whereas Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, leader of the Lubavitch movement, is universally respected and revered and his eighty-ninth birthday falls on March 26, 1991: Whereas in tribute to this great spiritual leader, "the rebbe", this, his ninetieth year will be seen as one of "education and giving", the year in which we turn to education and charity to return the world to the moral and ethical values contained in the Seven Noahide Laws: and Whereas this will be reflected in an international scroll of honor signed by the President of the United States and other heads of state: Now, therefore, be it Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatites of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That March 26, 1991, the start of the ninetieth year of Rabbi Menachem Schneerson, leader of the worldwide
Lutbavitch movement. is designated as "Education Day. U.S.A.". The President is requested to issue a proclamation calling upon the people of the United States to observe such day with appropriate ceremonies and activities.

PUBLIC LAW 102-14-MAR. 20,1991 105 STAT. 45

Approved March 20, 1991

LEGISLATIVE HISTORY-H.J Res 104
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. Vol 137. (1991)
Mar 5. considered and passed House
Mar 7. considered and passed Senate
56

LINK to Article:

UNDER THE NOAHIDE LAWS
http://watch.pair.com/law.html

~~~~~

Below is an excerpt from Bill #1274 in the Georgia House of Representatives. Notice how the bill lets the cat out of the bag as to WHY they want guillotines:

Georgia House of Representatives - 1995/1996 Sessions

HB 1274 - Death penalty; guillotine provisions

A BILL TO BE ENTITLED

AN ACT

1- 1 To amend Article 2 of Chapter 10 of Title 17 of the Official

1- 2 Code of Georgia Annotated, relating to the death penalty

1- 3 generally, so as to provide a statement of legislative
1- 4 policy; to provide for death by guillotine; to provide for

1- 5 applicability; to repeal conflicting laws; and for other
1- 6 purposes.

1- 7 BE IT ENACTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF GEORGIA:

SECTION 1.

1- 8 The General Assembly finds that while prisoners condemned to

1- 9 death may wish to donate one or more of their organs for
1-10 transplant, any such desire is thwarted by the fact that

1-11 electrocution makes all such organs unsuitable for
1-12 transplant. The intent of the General Assembly in enacting

1-13 this legislation is to provide for a method of execution

1-14 which is compatible with the donation of organs by a

1-15 condemned prisoner.

LINK to Article:

You can view the ENTIRE bill here...
http://www.legis.state.ga.us/legis/1995_96/leg/sum/hb1274.htm

Holographic Universe: Discovery

Science News

Holographic Universe: Discovery Could Herald New Era In Fundamental Physics

ScienceDaily (Feb. 4, 2009) — Cardiff University researchers, who are part of a British-German team searching the depths of space to study gravitational waves, may have stumbled on one of the most important discoveries in physics, according to an American physicist.

---

Craig Hogan, a physicist at Fermilab Centre for Particle Astrophysics in Illinois is convinced that he has found proof in the data of the gravitational wave detector GEO600 of a holographic Universe – and that his ideas could explain mysterious noise in the detector data that has not been explained so far.

The British-German team behind the GEO600, which includes scientists from the School of Physics and Astronomy's Gravitational Physics Group, will now carry out new experiments in the coming months to yield more evidence about Craig Hogan's assumptions. If proved correct, it could help in the quest to bring together quantum mechanics and Einstein's theory of gravity.

In order to test the theory of holographic noise, the frequency of GEO600´s maximum sensitivity will be shifted towards ever higher frequencies. The frequency of maximum sensitivity is the tone that the detector can hear best. It is normally adjusted to offer the best chance for hearing exploding stars or merging black holes.

Even if it turns out that the mysterious noise is the same at high frequencies as at the lower ones, this will not constitute proof for Hogan's hypothesis. It would, however, provide a strong motivation for further study. The sensitivity of GEO600 will then be significantly improved by using 'squeezed vacuum' and by the installation of a mode filter in a new vacuum chamber. The technology of 'squeezed vacuum' was particularly refined in Hannover and would be used in a gravitational wave detector for the first time.

Professor Jim Hough of Glasgow University, one of the pioneer developers of gravitational wave detectors, says: 'Craig Hogan made a very interesting prediction. It may be the first of a number of unexpected possibilities to be investigated as gravitational wave detectors become more sensitive.'

Professor Bernard Schutz, Professor at the School of Physics and Astronomy, member of the Gravitational Physics Group at the School, and recently elected as an Honorary Fellow of the Royal Astronomical Society said: "It would be truly remarkable if GEO600 is sensitive to the quantum nature of space and time. The only way to confirm that would be to carry out controlled experiments, the results of which can be solely attributed to holographic noise. Such an experiment would herald a new era in fundamental physics".

Professor Dr. Karsten Danzmann, director of the Hannover Albert-Einstein-Institute, said: "We are very eager to find out what we can learn about the possible holographic noise over the course of the coming year. GEO600 is the only experiment in the world able to test this controversial theory at this time. Unlike the other large laser interferometers, GEO600 reacts particularly sensitively to lateral movement of the beam splitter because it is constructed using the principle of signal recycling. Normally this is inconvenient, but we need the signal recycling to compensate for the shorter arm lengths compared to other detectors. The holographic noise, however, produces exactly such a lateral signal and so the disadvantage becomes an advantage in this case. You could say that this has placed us in the very centre of a tornado in fundamental research!

Searching for the graininess of space

The smallest possible fraction of distance is called the 'Planck length" by physicists. Its value is 1.6 x 10-35 m – this is impossible to measure by itself. The established physical theories cease to function at this scale. GEO600 scientists are testing a theory by US physicist Craig Hogan, who is convinced he can hear the noise of space quanta in the data of the gravitational wave detector GEO600. Hogan suggests that the mirrors in an interferometer wander relative to one another in very rapid steps of the tiny Planck amount, that accumulate during the time of a measurement into something as large as a gravitational wave would produce. Hogan and the GEO600 scientists are following up the question whether a certain 'noise signal' in the data recorded by the detector can be traced back to the graininess of space and time.

GEO600

Because of its innovative and reliable technology, GEO 600 has gained an excellent worldwide reputation and is considered a think-tank for international gravitational wave observation. It was here that the most modern lasers in the world were developed which are being used in all the gravitational wave observatories in the world today. Researchers at GEO600 are taking technology a step further with 'squeezed vacuum'. This technology is designated for use in the third generation of gravitational wave detectors.

GEO600 is a joint project of scientists of the Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute, or AEI), Leibniz Universität Hannover, Cardiff University, the University of Glasgow and the University of Birmingham. It is funded jointly by the Max Planck Society in Germany and the Science and Technology Facilities Council in UK.

Further information:

• Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute): http://www.aei.mpg.de


• GEO600: http://www.geo600.de

2012 Olympics

London Olympics 2012 : Zion : Street Plan

Posted by Rik Clay on his website at 21:17  Tuesday, 20 May, 2008

I shall start by stating my intentions. With my research, I do not intend to cause panic or fear, or to create a platform for prejudice and hate. As a spiritual person, I publish these views in order to simply raise awareness. To raise awareness on the grounds, that if indeed something does transpire during the London Olympics 2012, you can observe the event with a critical eye. It is my intention to ensure we shall not be duped!

Following my two previous articles concerning the Olympics 2012, I decided to cast my eyes into the air and look down again. You guessed it, out came Google Maps.

Here's a satellite view of the Olympics 2012 Site:



Stratford in London, is to become host to the Olympic village, which is undergoing massive regeneration due to the project. The site was claimed to be the last area of suitable waste land in London. Pretty lucky eh? Or maybe it was left alone for years for this very reason! I choose the latter.

And so... to the point. Take a look at the Olympic site with the Google Maps road view. On a first glance it looks like any other map view, but persevere... take a closer look at the road names (click to enlarge):



You will find that the entire site of the Olympic Village is surrounded by somewhat biblical and mystical road names. The New Jerusalem you ask?

The Roads

1. East Cross Route (actually the A12 or A'20'12) : ref. "The Eastern Cross"

The Eastern Orthodox cross (also known as Crux Orthodoxa, the Byzantine cross, the Eastern cross, and the "Russian" cross) can be considered a modified version of the Patriarchal cross, having two smaller crossbeams, one at the top and one near the bottom, in addition to the longer crossbeam.

Notice how the East Cross Route is also an A road - numbered A12.

Given the UK has hundreds of A roads, what's the likelihood that of all roads, the A'20'12 intersects the Olympic site?

Pause for a second and think about the shape of the letter A... yes it's a pyramid with a capstone. So symbolically the only major road which 'crosses' the Olympic site, is the A(Pyramid) (20)12.

2. Carpenter's Road : ref. "Joseph"

Joseph's profession is described in the Gospels as a τεκτων, a Greek word for a variety of skilled craftsmen, but Christian tradition has him as a "carpenter".

3. Great Eastern Road : ref. Eastern Star

The Order of the Eastern Star is the largest fraternal organization in the world that both men and women can join. It was established in 1850 by Rob Morris, a lawyer and educator who had been an official with the Freemasons.

As you can see the emblem for the "Order Of The Eastern Star" is a pentagram - similar to that found on the UK Passport. An acknowledgement of the pagan deity Satan / Saturn.

4. Angel Lane : ref. Angel Gabriel / The Holy Spirit

Angels visit Joseph and Mary. Angels announced Christ's birth to Mary and Joseph. The angel Gabriel visited Mary in Nazareth. She was engaged to Joseph. Gabriel told Mary she would give birth to the Son of God. Mary was a virgin. Gabriel told her God's power would make the conception possible. Gabriel said, "Nothing will be impossible with God".

5. Temple Mills Lane

Temple Mills were water mills belonging to the Knights Templar - "The Poor Fellow-Soldiers of Christ and of the Temple of Solomon".

6. Church Road (Update)

Although not shown on the above map (but please do look in Google), the road on the north east perimeter of the complex takes it's name from the Christian place of worship, a church.

The Location - Ley Lines

The Olympics 2012 site is situated between Leyton and Leytonestone. The "Ley" found in their names originates from the term 'Ley lines'.

For those who are in the dark:

Ley lines, or Leys, are alignments of ancient sites stretching across the landscape. Ancient sites or holy places may be situated in a straight line ranging from one or two to several miles in length. A ley may be identified simply by an aligned placing of marker sites, or it might be visible on the ground for all or part of its length by the remnants of an old straight track.

Our ancestors knew that ley lines, earth grids and vortexes were energy sources and centers that were to be considered holy.

A "Ley Line" is one a number of lines which form part of an energy grid which cross the Earth. The energy - metaphysical in nature.

So is there any documentary proof that 'Ley lines' cross near Leyton and Leytonestone? You bet there is...

The bender site, and the old yew tree in it, were the short-lived heart of Leytonstonia, decorated with a kerb-henge, a replica of Stonehenge made with kerbstones. (Some talked of the significance of the names Leyton and Leytonstone, of their relation to ley lines more generally, as though this might explain the energy of the protest sites. A brickhenge was made at Clarement Road, halfway between Leyton and Leytonstone.)

The Olympics site lies in an area synonymous with mystical - metaphysical - earth energy. Is this yet another coincidence or part of a plan for the 2012 Olympics which was put into motion way before the event was officially finalised?

Conclusions

It seems the Olympics 2012 site was picked for reasons which go far beyond that of 'spare waste land'.

The roads which encompass the site, contain biblical and Masonic references, lying dormant for years, as if to become part of some majestic ritual.

And if that wasn't enough, a new construction intersecting 'Angel Lane' looks to be forming a grand procession.

In the BBC interview "It will be a lasting legacy" with Jean Pickering, the former Olympic bronze medallist was quoted as saying:

I remember running along Angel Lane to get the train to work and hearing all the market stall holders cheering me on. That's true East End spirit.

References to 'lasting legacy', 'Angel Lane', and 'true spirit' sound ominous to me, given our 'Zion' street map.

Britain's spiritual landmarks - Stonehenge, Glastonbury Tor and Avebury, all rest upon 'ley lines' (areas of intense earth energy). Could it be any more bewildering that they have chosen such a site for our Olympic games? And that it just so happened to be vacant for the occasion?

To close I would like to end with a reference from the Bible. Note the chapter and verse numbers.

Mark 11:11

Then Jesus went into Jerusalem and into the temple and looked around at everything. Since it was already late, he went out with his twelve disciples to Bethany.

At 11:11, Jesus enters Jerusalem, or should that be the New Jerusalem - Zion!

Where are they?

Why Are We Alone? The Fermi Paradox.

Where Are They?

Nobel prize-winning Italian physicist Enrico Fermi asked the question "Where are they?" regarding the question of life existing elsewhere in the universe. If one assumes the mediocrity principle - that the development of life on earth is typical in comparison to the rest of the universe - we should see evidence of other life. The Fermi paradox is the contradiction between estimates of the number of extraterrestrial civilizations and a corresponding lack of evidence of these civilizations - both physical and radio (the Great Silence).

It's obvious that civilizations can exist - we are one. Why not others?

Assumptions

• The universe is extremely old. Its current age is estimated at approximately 13.73 billion years


• The number of stars in the visible universe is extremely large - approximately 5 x 10²².


• Some of these stars will have habitable planets which develop intelligent life that can produce radio signals.


• Interstellar travel is possible, and some civilizations desire to colonize stars.

More intelligent estimates of the Drake Equation have been possible with recent advances in astronomy and astrobiology. One estimate in the July 2000 edition of Scientific American suggests the number of civilizations that have existed in our galaxy in the past is 12 billion, with 1,000 of them still transmitting radio evidence of their existence.

Despite those assumptions, limited radio searches of the skies for nearly 50 years have found no evidence of extraterrestrial life. And, it would take only one civilization that desires so between 5 and 50 million years to colonize the entire galaxy - a blink of an eye compared to the age of the universe. So where are they?

Possible Solutions

Clearly there must be something wrong with assumptions that have been made. Some possible resolutions to the Fermi Paradox are:

• A Great Filter drastically limits the number of civilizations in the universe. Life faces existential risks which are difficult to overcome. For example, the development of the ability to communicate by radio occurs at roughly the same time as the development of nuclear weapons. Professor Nick Bostrom claims that the lack of evidence of extraterrestrial life is a positive sign for the outcome of our own existence.


• One or more of our assumptions is wrong. Perhaps we're not searching in the right way. Before the invention of radio, for example, the only way to search for life would have been optically. Perhaps neutrinos or some other communication method is used instead.


• Transcendence - Life passing through a singularity stage may discover a way to exit the universe, or find more meaningful ways of existing. Maybe we are boring and they have no interest in making contact or communicating with us.


• Perhaps we are living in a simulation.


• The Zoo hypothesis - we are being isolated intentionally.


• Perhaps abiogenesis occurs less frequently than current assumptions and we really are alone.
  from: Nested Universe

What do you think?

ARE YOU LIVING IN A COMPUTER SIMULATION?

BY NICK BOSTROM

Department of Philosophy, Oxford University

Homepage: http://www.nickbostrom.com

[First version: May, 2001; Final version July 2002]

Published in Philosophical Quarterly (2003), Vol. 53, No. 211, pp. 243-255.

[This document is located at http://www.simulation-argument.com] [pdf-version]

ABSTRACT

This paper argues that at least one of the following propositions is true: (1) the human species is very likely to go extinct before reaching a “posthuman” stage; (2) any posthuman civilization is extremely unlikely to run a significant number of simulations of their evolutionary history (or variations thereof); (3) we are almost certainly living in a computer simulation. It follows that the belief that there is a significant chance that we will one day become posthumans who run ancestor-simulations is false, unless we are currently living in a simulation. A number of other consequences of this result are also discussed.

I. INTRODUCTION

Many works of science fiction as well as some forecasts by serious technologists and futurologists predict that enormous amounts of computing power will be available in the future. Let us suppose for a moment that these predictions are correct. One thing that later generations might do with their super-powerful computers is run detailed simulations of their forebears or of people like their forebears. Because their computers would be so powerful, they could run a great many such simulations. Suppose that these simulated people are conscious (as they would be if the simulations were sufficiently fine-grained and if a certain quite widely accepted position in the philosophy of mind is correct). Then it could be the case that the vast majority of minds like ours do not belong to the original race but rather to people simulated by the advanced descendants of an original race. It is then possible to argue that, if this were the case, we would be rational to think that we are likely among the simulated minds rather than among the original biological ones. Therefore, if we don’t think that we are currently living in a computer simulation, we are not entitled to believe that we will have descendants who will run lots of such simulations of their forebears. That is the basic idea. The rest of this paper will spell it out more carefully.

Apart from the interest this thesis may hold for those who are engaged in futuristic speculation, there are also more purely theoretical rewards. The argument provides a stimulus for formulating some methodological and metaphysical questions, and it suggests naturalistic analogies to certain traditional religious conceptions, which some may find amusing or thought-provoking.

The structure of the paper is as follows. First, we formulate an assumption that we need to import from the philosophy of mind in order to get the argument started. Second, we consider some empirical reasons for thinking that running vastly many simulations of human minds would be within the capability of a future civilization that has developed many of those technologies that can already be shown to be compatible with known physical laws and engineering constraints. This part is not philosophically necessary but it provides an incentive for paying attention to the rest. Then follows the core of the argument, which makes use of some simple probability theory, and a section providing support for a weak indifference principle that the argument employs. Lastly, we discuss some interpretations of the disjunction, mentioned in the abstract, that forms the conclusion of the simulation argument.

II. THE ASSUMPTION OF SUBSTRATE-INDEPENDENCE

A common assumption in the philosophy of mind is that of substrate-independence. The idea is that mental states can supervene on any of a broad class of physical substrates. Provided a system implements the right sort of computational structures and processes, it can be associated with conscious experiences. It is nor an essential property of consciousness that it is implemented on carbon-based biological neural networks inside a cranium: silicon-based processors inside a computer could in principle do the trick as well.

Arguments for this thesis have been given in the literature, and although it is not entirely uncontroversial, we shall here take it as a given.

The argument we shall present does not, however, depend on any very strong version of functionalism or computationalism. For example, we need not assume that the thesis of substrate-independence is necessarily true (either analytically or metaphysically) – just that, in fact, a computer running a suitable program would be conscious. Moreover, we need not assume that in order to create a mind on a computer it would be sufficient to program it in such a way that it behaves like a human in all situations, including passing the Turing test etc. We need only the weaker assumption that it would suffice for the generation of subjective experiences that the computational processes of a human brain are structurally replicated in suitably fine-grained detail, such as on the level of individual synapses. This attenuated version of substrate-independence is quite widely accepted.

Neurotransmitters, nerve growth factors, and other chemicals that are smaller than a synapse clearly play a role in human cognition and learning. The substrate-independence thesis is not that the effects of these chemicals are small or irrelevant, but rather that they affect subjective experience only via their direct or indirect influence on computational activities. For example, if there can be no difference in subjective experience without there also being a difference in synaptic discharges, then the requisite detail of simulation is at the synaptic level (or higher).

III. THE TECHNOLOGICAL LIMITS OF COMPUTATION

At our current stage of technological development, we have neither sufficiently powerful hardware nor the requisite software to create conscious minds in computers. But persuasive arguments have been given to the effect that if technological progress continues unabated then these shortcomings will eventually be overcome. Some authors argue that this stage may be only a few decades away.[1] Yet present purposes require no assumptions about the time-scale. The simulation argument works equally well for those who think that it will take hundreds of thousands of years to reach a “posthuman” stage of civilization, where humankind has acquired most of the technological capabilities that one can currently show to be consistent with physical laws and with material and energy constraints.

Such a mature stage of technological development will make it possible to convert planets and other astronomical resources into enormously powerful computers. It is currently hard to be confident in any upper bound on the computing power that may be available to posthuman civilizations. As we are still lacking a “theory of everything”, we cannot rule out the possibility that novel physical phenomena, not allowed for in current physical theories, may be utilized to transcend those constraints[2] that in our current understanding impose theoretical limits on the information processing attainable in a given lump of matter. We can with much greater confidence establish lower bounds on posthuman computation, by assuming only mechanisms that are already understood. For example, Eric Drexler has outlined a design for a system the size of a sugar cube (excluding cooling and power supply) that would perform 10^²¹[3]⁴² operations per second for a computer with a mass on order of a large planet.[4] (If we could create quantum computers, or learn to build computers out of nuclear matter or plasma, we could push closer to the theoretical limits. Seth Lloyd calculates an upper bound for a 1 kg computer of 5*10^⁵⁰ logical operations per second carried out on ~10^³¹ bits.[5] instructions per second.in silico, contrast enhancement in the retina, yields a figure of ~10^¹⁴[6] An alternative estimate, based the number of synapses in the brain and their firing frequency, gives a figure of ~10^¹⁶-10^¹⁷ operations per second.[7][8] Moreover, since the maximum human sensory bandwidth is ~10^⁸ bits per second, simulating all sensory events incurs a negligible cost compared to simulating the cortical activity. We can therefore use the processing power required to simulate the central nervous system as an estimate of the total computational cost of simulating a human mind. operations per second for the entire human brain. Conceivably, even more could be required if we want to simulate in detail the internal workings of synapses and dendritic trees. However, it is likely that the human central nervous system has a high degree of redundancy on the mircoscale to compensate for the unreliability and noisiness of its neuronal components. One would therefore expect a substantial efficiency gain when using more reliable and versatile non-biological processors.Memory seems to be a no more stringent constraint than processing power. Another author gives a rough estimate of 10^ However, it suffices for our purposes to use the more conservative estimate that presupposes only currently known design-principles.)The amount of computing power needed to emulate a human mind can likewise be roughly estimated. One estimate, based on how computationally expensive it is to replicate the functionality of a piece of nervous tissue that we have already understood and whose functionality has been replicated

If the environment is included in the simulation, this will require additional computing power – how much depends on the scope and granularity of the simulation. Simulating the entire universe down to the quantum level is obviously infeasible, unless radically new physics is discovered. But in order to get a realistic simulation of human experience, much less is needed – only whatever is required to ensure that the simulated humans, interacting in normal human ways with their simulated environment, don’t notice any irregularities. The microscopic structure of the inside of the Earth can be safely omitted. Distant astronomical objects can have highly compressed representations: verisimilitude need extend to the narrow band of properties that we can observe from our planet or solar system spacecraft. On the surface of Earth, macroscopic objects in inhabited areas may need to be continuously simulated, but microscopic phenomena could likely be filled in ad hoc. What you see through an electron microscope needs to look unsuspicious, but you usually have no way of confirming its coherence with unobserved parts of the microscopic world. Exceptions arise when we deliberately design systems to harness unobserved microscopic phenomena that operate in accordance with known principles to get results that we are able to independently verify. The paradigmatic case of this is a computer. The simulation may therefore need to include a continuous representation of computers down to the level of individual logic elements. This presents no problem, since our current computing power is negligible by posthuman standards.Moreover, a posthuman simulator would have enough computing power to keep track of the detailed belief-states in all human brains at all times. Therefore, when it saw that a human was about to make an observation of the microscopic world, it could fill in sufficient detail in the simulation in the appropriate domain on an as-needed basis. Should any error occur, the director could easily edit the states of any brains that have become aware of an anomaly before it spoils the simulation. Alternatively, the director could skip back a few seconds and rerun the simulation in a way that avoids the problem.

It thus seems plausible that the main computational cost in creating simulations that are indistinguishable from physical reality for human minds in the simulation resides in simulating organic brains down to the neuronal or sub-neuronal level.[9] While it is not possible to get a very exact estimate of the cost of a realistic simulation of human history, we can use ~10^³³ - 10^³⁶ operations as a rough estimate[10]. As we gain more experience with virtual reality, we will get a better grasp of the computational requirements for making such worlds appear realistic to their visitors. But in any case, even if our estimate is off by several orders of magnitude, this does not matter much for our argument. We noted that a rough approximation of the computational power of a planetary-mass computer is 10^⁴² operations per second, and that assumes only already known nanotechnological designs, which are probably far from optimal. A single such a computer could simulate the entire mental history of humankind (call this an ancestor-simulation) by using less than one millionth of its processing power for one second. A posthuman civilization may eventually build an astronomical number of such computers. We can conclude that the computing power available to a posthuman civilization is sufficient to run a huge number of ancestor-simulations even it allocates only a minute fraction of its resources to that purpose. We can draw this conclusion even while leaving a substantial margin of error in all our estimates.

·        Posthuman civilizations would have enough computing power to run hugely many ancestor-simulations even while using only a tiny fraction of their resources for that purpose.

IV. THE CORE OF THE SIMULATION ARGUMENT

The basic idea of this paper can be expressed roughly as follows: If there were a substantial chance that our civilization will ever get to the posthuman stage and run many ancestor-simulations, then how come you are not living in such a simulation?

We shall develop this idea into a rigorous argument. Let us introduce the following notation:

: Fraction of all human-level technological civilizations that survive to reach a posthuman stage: Average number of ancestor-simulations run by a posthuman civilization: Average number of individuals that have lived in a civilization before it reaches a posthuman stage

The actual fraction of all observers with human-type experiences that live in simulations is then

Writing  for the fraction of posthuman civilizations that are interested in running ancestor-simulations (or that contain at least some individuals who are interested in that and have sufficient resources to run a significant number of such simulations), and  for the average number of ancestor-simulations run by such interested civilizations, we have

and thus:

(*)

Because of the immense computing power of posthuman civilizations,  is extremely large, as we saw in the previous section. By inspecting (*) we can then see that at least one of the following three propositions must be true:

(1)        (2)        (3)

V. A BLAND INDIFFERENCE PRINCIPLE

We can take a further step and conclude that conditional on the truth of (3), one’s credence in the hypothesis that one is in a simulation should be close to unity. More generally, if we knew that a fraction xin vivo rather than in machina, then our credence that we are in a simulation should equal x: of all observers with human-type experiences live in simulations, and we don’t have any information that indicate that our own particular experiences are any more or less likely than other human-type experiences to have been implemented

(#)

This step is sanctioned by a very weak indifference principle. Let us distinguish two cases. The first case, which is the easiest, is where all the minds in question are like your own in the sense that they are exactly qualitatively identical to yours: they have exactly the same information and the same experiences that you have. The second case is where the minds are “like” each other only in the loose sense of being the sort of minds that are typical of human creatures, but they are qualitatively distinct from one another and each has a distinct set of experiences. I maintain that even in the latter case, where the minds are qualitatively different, the simulation argument still works, provided that you have no information that bears on the question of which of the various minds are simulated and which are implemented biologically.

A detailed defense of a stronger principle, which implies the above stance for both cases as trivial special instances, has been given in the literature.[11] Space does not permit a recapitulation of that defense here, but we can bring out one of the underlying intuitions by bringing to our attention to an analogous situation of a more familiar kind. Suppose that x% of the population has a certain genetic sequence SS (short of what would turn up in a gene assay) and that there are no known correlations between having S and any observable characteristic. Then, quite clearly, unless you have had your DNA sequenced, it is rational to assign a credence of x% to the hypothesis that you have S. And this is so quite irrespective of the fact that the people who have S have qualitatively different minds and experiences from the people who don’t have S. (They are different simply because all humans have different experiences from one another, not because of any known link between S and what kind of experiences one has.) within the part of their DNA commonly designated as “junk DNA”. Suppose, further, that there are no manifestations of

The same reasoning holds if S is not the property of having a certain genetic sequence but instead the property of being in a simulation, assuming only that we have no information that enables us to predict any differences between the experiences of simulated minds and those of the original biological minds.

It should be stressed that the bland indifference principle expressed by (#) prescribes indifference only between hypotheses about which observer you are, when you have no information about which of these observers you are. It does not in general prescribe indifference between hypotheses when you lack specific information about which of the hypotheses is true. In contrast to Laplacean and other more ambitious principles of indifference, it is therefore immune to Bertrand’s paradox and similar predicaments that tend to plague indifference principles of unrestricted scope.

Readers familiar with the Doomsday argument[12] may worry that the bland principle of indifference invoked here is the same assumption that is responsible for getting the Doomsday argument off the ground, and that the counterintuitiveness of some of the implications of the latter incriminates or casts doubt on the validity of the former. This is not so. The Doomsday argument rests on a much stronger and more controversial premiss, namely that one should reason as if one were a random sample from the set of all people who will ever have lived (past, present, and future) even though we know that we are living in the early twenty-first century rather than at some point in the distant past or the future. The bland indifference principle, by contrast, applies only to cases where we have no information about which group of people we belong to.

If betting odds provide some guidance to rational belief, it may also be worth to ponder that if everybody were to place a bet on whether they are in a simulation or not, then if people use the bland principle of indifference, and consequently place their money on being in a simulation if they know that that’s where almost all people are, then almost everyone will win their bets. If they bet on not being in a simulation, then almost everyone will lose. It seems better that the bland indifference principle be heeded.

Further, one can consider a sequence of possible situations in which an increasing fraction of all people live in simulations: 98%, 99%, 99.9%, 99.9999%, and so on. As one approaches the limiting case in which everybody is in a simulation (from which one can deductively infer that one is in a simulation oneself), it is plausible to require that the credence one assigns to being in a simulation gradually approach the limiting case of complete certainty in a matching manner.

VI. INTERPRETATION

The possibility represented by proposition (1) is fairly straightforward. If (1) is true, then humankind will almost certainly fail to reach a posthuman level; for virtually no species at our level of development become posthuman, and it is hard to see any justification for thinking that our own species will be especially privileged or protected from future disasters. Conditional on (1), therefore, we must give a high credence to DOOM, the hypothesis that humankind will go extinct before reaching a posthuman level:

One can imagine hypothetical situations were we have such evidence as would trump knowledge of . For example, if we discovered that we were about to be hit by a giant meteor, this might suggest that we had been exceptionally unlucky. We could then assign a credence to DOOM larger than our expectation of the fraction of human-level civilizations that fail to reach posthumanity. In the actual case, however, we seem to lack evidence for thinking that we are special in this regard, for better or worse.

Proposition (1) doesn’t by itself imply that we are likely to go extinct soon, only that we are unlikely to reach a posthuman stage. This possibility is compatible with us remaining at, or somewhat above, our current level of technological development for a long time before going extinct. Another way for (1) to be true is if it is likely that technological civilization will collapse. Primitive human societies might then remain on Earth indefinitely.

There are many ways in which humanity could become extinct before reaching posthumanity. Perhaps the most natural interpretation of (1) is that we are likely to go extinct as a result of the development of some powerful but dangerous technology.[13] One candidate is molecular nanotechnology, which in its mature stage would enable the construction of self-replicating nanobots capable of feeding on dirt and organic matter – a kind of mechanical bacteria. Such nanobots, designed for malicious ends, could cause the extinction of all life on our planet.[14]

The second alternative in the simulation argument’s conclusion is that the fraction of posthuman civilizations that are interested in running ancestor-simulation is negligibly small. In order for (2) to be true, there must be a strong convergence among the courses of advanced civilizations. If the number of ancestor-simulations created by the interested civilizations is extremely large, the rarity of such civilizations must be correspondingly extreme. Virtually no posthuman civilizations decide to use their resources to run large numbers of ancestor-simulations. Furthermore, virtually all posthuman civilizations lack individuals who have sufficient resources and interest to run ancestor-simulations; or else they have reliably enforced laws that prevent such individuals from acting on their desires.

What force could bring about such convergence? One can speculate that advanced civilizations all develop along a trajectory that leads to the recognition of an ethical prohibition against running ancestor-simulations because of the suffering that is inflicted on the inhabitants of the simulation. However, from our present point of view, it is not clear that creating a human race is immoral. On the contrary, we tend to view the existence of our race as constituting a great ethical value. Moreover, convergence on an ethical view of the immorality of running ancestor-simulations is not enough: it must be combined with convergence on a civilization-wide social structure that enables activities considered immoral to be effectively banned.Another possible convergence point is that almost all individual posthumans in virtually all posthuman civilizations develop in a direction where they lose their desires to run ancestor-simulations. This would require significant changes to the motivations driving their human predecessors, for there are certainly many humans who would like to run ancestor-simulations if they could afford to do so. But perhaps many of our human desires will be regarded as silly by anyone who becomes a posthuman. Maybe the scientific value of ancestor-simulations to a posthuman civilization is negligible (which is not too implausible given its unfathomable intellectual superiority), and maybe posthumans regard recreational activities as merely a very inefficient way of getting pleasure – which can be obtained much more cheaply by direct stimulation of the brain’s reward centers. One conclusion that follows from (2) is that posthuman societies will be very different from human societies: they will not contain relatively wealthy independent agents who have the full gamut of human-like desires and are free to act on them.The possibility expressed by alternative (3) is the conceptually most intriguing one. If we are living in a simulation, then the cosmos that we are observing is just a tiny piece of the totality of physical existence. The physics in the universe where the computer is situated that is running the simulation may or may not resemble the physics of the world that we observe. While the world we see is in some sense “real”, it is not located at the fundamental level of reality.

It may be possible for simulated civilizations to become posthuman. They may then run their own ancestor-simulations on powerful computers they build in their simulated universe. Such computers would be “virtual machines”, a familiar concept in computer science. (Java script web-applets, for instance, run on a virtual machine – a simulated computer – inside your desktop.) Virtual machines can be stacked: it’s possible to simulate a machine simulating another machine, and so on, in arbitrarily many steps of iteration. If we do go on to create our own ancestor-simulations, this would be strong evidence against (1) and (2), and we would therefore have to conclude that we live in a simulation. Moreover, we would have to suspect that the posthumans running our simulation are themselves simulated beings; and their creators, in turn, may also be simulated beings.Reality may thus contain many levels. Even if it is necessary for the hierarchy to bottom out at some stage – the metaphysical status of this claim is somewhat obscure – there may be room for a large number of levels of reality, and the number could be increasing over time. (One consideration that counts against the multi-level hypothesis is that the computational cost for the basement-level simulators would be very great. Simulating even a single posthuman civilization might be prohibitively expensive. If so, then we should expect our simulation to be terminated when we are about to become posthuman.)

Although all the elements of such a system can be naturalistic, even physical, it is possible to draw some loose analogies with religious conceptions of the world. In some ways, the posthumans running a simulation are like gods in relation to the people inhabiting the simulation: the posthumans created the world we see; they are of superior intelligence; they are “omnipotent” in the sense that they can interfere in the workings of our world even in ways that violate its physical laws; and they are “omniscient” in the sense that they can monitor everything that happens. However, all the demigods except those at the fundamental level of reality are subject to sanctions by the more powerful gods living at lower levels.

Further rumination on these themes could climax in a naturalistic theogony that would study the structure of this hierarchy, and the constraints imposed on its inhabitants by the possibility that their actions on their own level may affect the treatment they receive from dwellers of deeper levels. For example, if nobody can be sure that they are at the basement-level, then everybody would have to consider the possibility that their actions will be rewarded or punished, based perhaps on moral criteria, by their simulators. An afterlife would be a real possibility. Because of this fundamental uncertainty, even the basement civilization may have a reason to behave ethically. The fact that it has such a reason for moral behavior would of course add to everybody else’s reason for behaving morally, and so on, in truly virtuous circle. One might get a kind of universal ethical imperative, which it would be in everybody’s self-interest to obey, as it were “from nowhere”.In addition to ancestor-simulations, one may also consider the possibility of more selective simulations that include only a small group of humans or a single individual. The rest of humanity would then be zombies or “shadow-people” – humans simulated only at a level sufficient for the fully simulated people not to notice anything suspicious. It is not clear how much cheaper shadow-people would be to simulate than real people. It is not even obvious that it is possible for an entity to behave indistinguishably from a real human and yet lack conscious experience. Even if there are such selective simulations, you should not think that you are in one of them unless you think they are much more numerous than complete simulations. There would have to be about 100 billion times as many “me-simulations” (simulations of the life of only a single mind) as there are ancestor-simulations in order for most simulated persons to be in me-simulations.

There is also the possibility of simulators abridging certain parts of the mental lives of simulated beings and giving them false memories of the sort of experiences that they would typically have had during the omitted interval. If so, one can consider the following (farfetched) solution to the problem of evil: that there is no suffering in the world and all memories of suffering are illusions. Of course, this hypothesis can be seriously entertained only at those times when you are not currently suffering.

Supposing we live in a simulation, what are the implications for us humans? The foregoing remarks notwithstanding, the implications are not all that radical. Our best guide to how our posthuman creators have chosen to set up our world is the standard empirical study of the universe we see. The revisions to most parts of our belief networks would be rather slight and subtle – in proportion to our lack of confidence in our ability to understand the ways of posthumans. Properly understood, therefore, the truth of (3) should have no tendency to make us “go crazy” or to prevent us from going about our business and making plans and predictions for tomorrow. The chief empirical importance of (3) at the current time seems to lie in its role in the tripartite conclusion established above.[15] We may hope that (3) is true since that would decrease the probability of (1), although if computational constraints make it likely that simulators would terminate a simulation before it reaches a posthuman level, then out best hope would be that (2) is true.

If we learn more about posthuman motivations and resource constraints, maybe as a result of developing towards becoming posthumans ourselves, then the hypothesis that we are simulated will come to have a much richer set of empirical implications.

VII. CONCLUSION

A technologically mature “posthuman” civilization would have enormous computing power. Based on this empirical fact, the simulation argument shows that at least one of the following propositions is true: (1) The fraction of human-level civilizations that reach a posthuman stage is very close to zero; (2) The fraction of posthuman civilizations that are interested in running ancestor-simulations is very close to zero; (3) The fraction of all people with our kind of experiences that are living in a simulation is very close to one.

If (1) is true, then we will almost certainly go extinct before reaching posthumanity. If (2) is true, then there must be a strong convergence among the courses of advanced civilizations so that virtually none contains any relatively wealthy individuals who desire to run ancestor-simulations and are free to do so. If (3) is true, then we almost certainly live in a simulation. In the dark forest of our current ignorance, it seems sensible to apportion one’s credence roughly evenly between (1), (2), and (3).

Unless we are now living in a simulation, our descendants will almost certainly never run an ancestor-simulation.

Acknowledgements

I’m grateful to many people for comments, and especially to Amara Angelica, Robert Bradbury, Milan Cirkovic, Robin Hanson, Hal Finney, Robert A. Freitas Jr., John Leslie, Mitch Porter, Keith DeRose, Mike Treder, Mark Walker, Eliezer Yudkowsky, and the anonymous referees.

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[1] See e.g. K. E. Drexler, Engines of Creation: The Coming Era of Nanotechnology, London, Forth Estate, 1985; N. Bostrom, “How Long Before Superintelligence?” International Journal of Futures Studies, vol. 2, (1998); R. Kurzweil, The Age of Spiritual Machines: When computers exceed human intelligence, New York, Viking Press, 1999; H. Moravec, Robot: Mere Machine to Transcendent Mind, Oxford University Press, 1999. [2] Such as the Bremermann-Bekenstein bound and the black hole limit (H. J. Bremermann, “Minimum energy requirements of information transfer and computing.” International Journal of Theoretical Physics 21: 203-217 (1982); J. D. Bekenstein, “Entropy content and information flow in systems with limited energy.” Physical Review D 30: 1669-1679 (1984); A. Sandberg, “The Physics of Information Processing Superobjects: The Daily Life among the Jupiter Brains.” Journal of Evolution and Technology, vol. 5 (1999)).[3] K. E. Drexler, Nanosystems: Molecular Machinery, Manufacturing, and Computation, New York, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1992.[4] R. J. Bradbury, “Matrioshka Brains.” Working manuscript (2002), http://www.aeiveos.com/~bradbury/MatrioshkaBrains/MatrioshkaBrains.html.[5]Nature 406 (31 August): 1047-1054 (2000).[6] H. Moravec, Mind Children, Harvard University Press (1989).[7] Bostrom (1998), op. cit.[8] See references in foregoing footnotes.[9] As we build more and faster computers, the cost of simulating our machines might eventually come to dominate the cost of simulating nervous systems.[10] 100 billion humans50 years/human30 million secs/year[10^¹⁴, 10^¹⁷] operations in each human brain per second  [10^³³, 10^³⁶] operations. [11] In e.g. N. Bostrom, “The Doomsday argument, Adam & Eve, UN⁺⁺, and Quantum Joe.” Synthese 127(3): 359-387 (2001); and most fully in my book Anthropic Bias: Observation Selection Effects in Science and Philosophy, Routledge, New York, 2002.[12] See e.g. J. Leslie, “Is the End of the World Nigh? ” Philosophical Quarterly 40, 158: 65-72 (1990).[13] See my paper “Existential Risks: Analyzing Human Extinction Scenarios and Related Hazards.” Journal of Evolution and Technology, vol. 9 (2001) for a survey and analysis of the present and anticipated future threats to human survival.[14]Zyvex preprint April (2000), http://www.foresight.org/NanoRev/Ecophagy.html.[15] For some reflections by another author on the consequences of (3), which were sparked by a privately circulated earlier version of this paper, see R. Hanson, “How to Live in a Simulation.” Journal of Evolution and Technology, vol. 7 (2001). S. Lloyd, “Ultimate physical limits to computation.” See e.g. Drexler (1985) op cit., and R. A. Freitas Jr., “Some Limits to Global Ecophagy by Biovorous Nanoreplicators, with Public Policy Recommendations.”

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More 11:11

The litteral meaning of Gematria is "measuring the earth".  11:11 is found in the earths radius/diameter - 11+11=22 x 360=7920 miles.

A rocket must travel at 11km a second to escape Earths' gravity.

The deepest point in the ocean is the Mariana Trench at 11km.

The average adult males heart weighs 11 ounces.

A major eclipse occured at 11:11 am on 11th August 1999.

These were from BetterWorld4YouAndMe - YouTube.

The Sun flips it's poles every 11years.

More Rik Clay

In this clip Rik Clay talks about his findings re the location of the 2012 Olympic Games.

It's almost TOO much - everything fits into place the way he tells it.  All the surrounding roads have biblical connections, and there's even the Knights Templar thrown in for good luck.

But it sounds so logical, and my thoughts are is that why the Queen refuses to retire and hand over the crown?  Is it part of the plan that she has to open the games to fulfil some sort of prophesy - then hand over to William?

The numerology is all there for William too such as I've seen.....have they truly been planning this for sooo long?

See what you think.........

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e5FyeiuiGHs&feature=related

More 11:11 ramblings

Wow have i been finding some pretty weird stuff  re: the numerology of 11:11.   I'm truly seeing it everywhere now.  This is what alot of other people have been seeing too.  Once recognised, it's difficult not to pick it up everywhere!  I have taken some of the below from YouTube vids, so i will credit where credit is due ok.

Here we go then:

11 is considered to be a "Master Number" in Numerology.  It represents spirituality, insight, and a direct channel to the subconscious (a doorway to the inner self).  Pastelmoon.

On January 1st 2011  (1/1/11) and/or November 1st 2011  (11/11/11) some believe a spiritual awakening is going to take place in order to guide us to the correct path into the year 2012.  Patelmoon.

At  11:11am on 21st December 2012 the Mayan Calendar cycle ends.

New York City has 11 letters.

Afghanistan has 11 letters.

George W. Bush has 11 letters.

New York is the 11th state.

The first plane to hit the Twin Towers was Flight 11.

Flight 11 carried 92 passengers - 9+2=11

Flight 77 was the second plane to hit the Twin Towers - it carried 65 passengers - 6+5=11

The day it happened - September 11th - 9+1+1=11

USA emergency phone number is 911

Total number of passengers on 9/11 was 254 - 2+5+4=11

September 11 is day number 254 on our calender year - 2+5+4=11

Madrid bombing happened on 3rd November 2004 - 3+1+1+2+4=11

Madrid happened 911 days after the planes hit the Twin Towers on 9th September.   SpartanKiller321

The following are all from Rik Clay:

The World Trade Centre took 11 yrs to build:  1966-1977

George HW  Bush gave his  "Towards a New World Order" speech on 11th September 1990 at 9.09pm - 11 years prior to 9/11

The soil was broken in a ceremony to begin the building of the Pentagon on 11th September 1941 (60 yrs before 9/11)

An author/researcher named Ernest L. Martin wrote "Birth of Christ Recalculated" - based on celestial charts for the area calculating the position of the Star of Bethlehem - Jesus Christ was born on 11th September 3BC

First manned flight to the moon - Apollo 11

Remembrance Day - 11th hour, 11th day, 11th Month

Year 1111 was when the British Crown was officially named - taking the word from the latin Corona, then translating it from Anglo/French Coron.




So thats just a start.   I will be adding to this list as more weird 11:11 numerological coincidences arise.  Stay tuned.

11:11 Numerology

Rik Clay supposedly suicided at age 25.  Alot of people believe he was assassinated.

I know this sounds melodramatic, but this young man was a genious, and was not afraid to speak out about the numerology involved with what happened on 9/11  and the potential things that will happen at the 2012 Olympic Games in UK.   He believed that the powers-that-be controlling our world are deliberately using these special "dates of power" to manipulate us and forward their grand plans for the total control of the world.

Very interesting what he has to say - and it all seems just so logical that i cannot pick any holes in his methodology.

Truly Rik, you are a sad loss to this world......RIP young man.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kTzva2pAkWc

Could this be HAARP at work in Australia?

Strange radar images were picked up over Australia.

At the time we had a cyclone forming and reforming over the top end of the continent.  It was looking to be a Category 5 - if it had struck a densely populated area the damage would have been immense!

Within days of this radar anomaly being picked up, a new weather front was formed that moved up the east coast and collided with the cyclone, dispersing its main power and downgrading it to a low weather pattern.

Due to the rain and massive flooding this new weather pattern generated,  the 10 year drought that had been affecting Queensland ended, and our combined dams now have a capacity of over 90%.

I leave it to you to read the following link and make up your own minds.......

http://www.colinandrews.net/Cloud-Radar-Circle-Australia-2010-0122.html

Chemtrails v Contrails

This document is very long but well worth the time spent.  The author has put all the information i think is important into one place for some great insights.

Please take the time to read it.

http://www.librarising.com/conspiracy/Chemtrail%20Primer.pdf